Hamwe no gukundwa kwinshi kwibikoresho bya ultrasound, abakozi benshi bashinzwe ubuzima bwamavuriro barashobora gukoresha ultrasound kumurimo wo kureba.Abantu batazi tekinike ya ultrasound iyobowe na penture birababaje kuguma mu nganda.Ariko, uhereye kumikoreshereze yubuvuzi nabonye, gukundwa kwibikoresho bya ultrasound no gukundwa kwamashusho ya ultrasound ntabwo bihwanye.Ku bijyanye no gutobora ultrasound mu rwego rwo kugera ku mitsi, abantu benshi baracyari mu rwego rwo kwigira nk'abumva, kubera ko nubwo hari ultrasound, ntibashobora kubona aho urushinge rwacumise rwari.Tekinike nyayo ya ultrasound iyobowe na tekinike isaba mbere na mbere ko umwanya wurushinge cyangwa urushinge ushobora kugaragara munsi ya ultrasound, aho kugereranywa hanyuma "ukinjira buhumyi" uyobowe na ultrasound.Uyu munsi, tuzavuga kubyerekeranye no kutagaragara k'urushinge rwacumita munsi ya ultrasound.
Ultrasound iyobowe na ultrasound muri rusange igabanyijemo ibice byo mu ndege no gutobora indege, byombi bikoreshwa mu rwego rwo kugera ku mitsi kandi bikaba byiza neza.Ibikurikira nigice cyakuwe mumuryango wabanyamerika wubuvuzi bwa Ultrasound Medicine kubikorwa byubuvuzi bwa ultrasound-biyobora uburyo bwo kubona imitsi, bisobanura ubwo buryo bubiri.
Mu ndege (Umurongo muremure) VS Hanze y'indege (Umwanya muto)
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- Muri rusange, indege mu ndege yerekana umurongo muremure cyangwa igice kirekire cyubwato;gutobora mu ndege byerekana umurongo mugufi cyangwa igice cyambukiranya ubwato.
- Kubwibyo, hanze-yindege / ngufi-axis no mu ndege / ndende-axis ni kimwe na default for ultrasound.
- Hanze y'indege irashobora gukorwa uhereye hejuru yikigo, ariko isonga ryurushinge rigomba gukurikiranwa no kuzenguruka iperereza kugirango wirinde gupfobya ubujyakuzimu;abafana ba probe kuva mumubiri wurushinge werekeza kumutwe, kandi umwanya umwanya mwiza wisonga wabuze niwo mwanya wumwanya.
- Mu ndege yemerera kwitegereza neza aho urushinge ruhagaze, ariko birashobora kuganisha ku "kunyerera" mu ndege aho urushinge ruherereye cyangwa / hamwe nindege nkuru yubwato;gutobora mu ndege birakwiriye cyane kubikoresho binini.
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Ubushobozi bwo kwitegereza muburyo bwinshinge cyangwa umubiri wose winshinge mugihe nyacyo murindege biragaragara ko bifasha cyane!Ariko kugumana urushinge mu ndege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound nta mfashanyo yo gutobora bisaba amagana yimyitozo yo kumenya tekinike.Mubihe byinshi, inguni ya poncure ni nini cyane, kuburyo urushinge rugaragara neza mumashusho yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound, ariko ntushobora kubona aho ari.Baza umusaza duturanye uko bigenda.Ashobora kukubwira ko urushinge rwa puncture rutari perpendicular kumurongo wa ultrasound scan, kuburyo udashobora kubibona.Noneho ni ukubera iki ushobora kubibona neza mugihe inguni ya puncture ari ntoya, ndetse ikanagaragara neza iyo ari nto cyane?Ashobora gutsimbarara ku mpamvu.
Inguni y'urushinge rwacumiswe ku gishushanyo kiri hepfo ni 17 ° na 13 ° (bipimishijwe ninyungu yo kureba), iyo inguni ya 13 ° umubiri wose wurushinge rwacumuwe byerekanwe neza, mugihe inguni ya 17 ° , umubiri wurushinge urashobora kugaragara gusa gake, kandi inguni nini na hoodwink.None ni ukubera iki hariho itandukaniro rinini cyane mu mfuruka y'urushinge rwa puncture rwerekana itandukaniro rya 4 ° gusa?
Igomba gutangirira kumyuka ya ultrasound, kwakirwa no kwibanda.Kimwe nubugenzuzi bwa aperture yibanda kumafoto, buri ngingo kumafoto ningaruka zifatika zumucyo wose zinyuze muri aperture, mugihe buri ngingo kumashusho ya ultrasound ningaruka yibanda kuri transducers zose za ultrasound mubisohoka no kwakirwa .Ku ishusho iri hepfo, umurongo utukura uranga urutonde rwibintu bya ultrasound byibanda ku gishushanyo mbonera, naho umurongo wicyatsi ni urwego rwo kwakira intumbero (umupaka wiburyo).Kuberako urushinge rumurika bihagije kugirango rutange ibitekerezo byihariye, umurongo wera uranga icyerekezo gisanzwe cyerekanwa.Dufashe ko umurongo utukura uranga icyerekezo cyibisohoka ni nka "imirasire" ibiri, nyuma yo gukubita indorerwamo y'urushinge, "imirasire" igaragara ni nkimirongo ibiri ya orange ku ishusho.Kubera ko "imirasire" kuruhande rwiburyo bwumurongo wicyatsi irenze iyakirwa, kandi ntishobora kwakirwa nubushakashatsi, "imirasire" ishobora kwakirwa irerekanwa mukarere ka orange ku ishusho.Birashobora kugaragara ko kuri 17 °, iperereza rirashobora kwakira echo nkeya cyane ya ultrasound, bityo ishusho ijyanye nayo igaragara neza, mugihe kuri 13 °, echo irashobora kwakirwa cyane kurenza 17 °, bityo ishusho nayo ikaba myinshi bisobanutse.Hamwe no kugabanuka kwimfuruka, urushinge ruryamye cyane kandi rutambitse, kandi nibindi byinshi byerekana urusaku rwumubiri wurushinge birashobora kwakirwa neza, bityo iterambere ryurushinge ni ryiza kandi ryiza.
Abantu bamwe bitonze nabo bazabona ibintu, mugihe inguni iri munsi yagaciro runaka (urushinge ntirukeneye "kuryama neza"), iterambere ryumubiri wurushinge rikomeza kuba urwego rumwe rusobanutse.Kandi ni ukubera iki ibi?Ni ukubera iki dushushanya urwego ruto rwoherezwa mu kirere (umurongo utukura) kuruta urwego rwo kwakira abantu (umurongo w'icyatsi) ku ishusho hejuru?Ibi ni ukubera ko muri sisitemu yo gufata amashusho ya ultrasound, ihererekanyabubasha rishobora kuba gusa ubujyakuzimu bumwe bwo kwibandaho, kandi mugihe dushobora guhindura ubujyakuzimu bwibanze bwo kohereza kugirango ishusho isobanuke hafi yubujyakuzimu twibandaho, ntidushaka kuba ibicucu birenze ubujyakuzimu bwibanze.Ibi biratandukanye cyane nibyo dukeneye gufata amafoto yubuhanzi yabagore beza, bisaba aperture nini, ubujyakuzimu buto bwumurima kugirango uzane inyuma yimbere yose bokeh.Kumashusho ya ultrasound, turashaka ko ishusho isobanutse bihagije murwego mbere na nyuma yubujyakuzimu bwibanze, bityo rero dushobora gukoresha gusa insimburangingo ntoya yohereza kugirango tubone ubujyakuzimu bunini bwumurima, bityo tugakomeza guhuza ishusho.Kubijyanye no kwakira intumbero, sisitemu yo gufata amashusho ya ultrasound ubu imaze kuba digitale yuzuye, bityo ultrasound echo ya buri transducer / array element irashobora gukizwa, kandi dinamike ikomeza kwibanda noneho ikorwa muburyo bwa digitale kubwimbitse bwimbitse.Turashobora rero kugerageza gukingura kwakira aperture nini ishoboka, mugihe cyose ibice bigize array yakira ibimenyetso bya echo byose byakoreshejwe, icyerekezo cyiza kandi gikemurwa neza.Tugarutse ku ngingo ibanza, iyo inguni ya puncture yagabanutse ku rugero runaka, imiraba ya ultrasonic itangwa na aperture ntoya irashobora kwakirwa na nini yakira aperture nyuma yo kugaragazwa numubiri winshinge, bityo ingaruka ziterambere ryumubiri wurushinge mubisanzwe bikomeza kuba bimwe.
Kubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru, twakora iki mugihe inguni yo gutobora indege irenze 17 ° kandi urushinge rutagaragara?Niba sisitemu ishyigikiye, urashobora kugerageza imikorere yo kongera inshinge.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo kongera urushinge muri rusange bivuze ko nyuma yikintu gisanzwe cyo gusikana cyama tissue, hashyizwemo ikadiri ya scan itandukanye aho ihererekanyabubasha ryakira ryerekanwa, kandi icyerekezo cyo gutandukana cyerekeza ku cyerekezo cyumubiri winshinge. , kugirango echo igaragara yumubiri winshinge irashobora kugwa mubyakirwa byibanze cyane bishoboka.Hanyuma, ishusho ikomeye yumubiri winshinge mumashusho ya deflection ikuramo kandi ikerekanwa nyuma yo guhuza nishusho isanzwe ya tissue.Bitewe nubunini ninshuro ya probe array element, inguni ya deflection yumurongo mwinshi wumurongo wa array probe mubusanzwe ntabwo irenze 30 °, niba rero inguni ya puncture irenze 30 °, urashobora kubona umubiri wurushinge gusa n'ibitekerezo byawe bwite.
Ibikurikira, reka turebe ibintu biri hanze yindege.Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa ihame ryiterambere ryindege, biroroshye cyane gusesengura iterambere ryurushinge rutari mu ndege.Guhinduranya abafana bazunguruka bavugwa mu myitozo ngororamubiri ni intambwe ikomeye yo gutoboka indege, kandi ibi ntibireba gusa aho uhagaze urushinge, ahubwo no gushakisha umubiri w'urushinge.Ni uko urushinge rwacumita hamwe na ultrasound imashusho bitari mu ndege imwe icyo gihe.Gusa iyo urushinge rwo gutobora ruba rutandukanijwe nindege yerekana amashusho birashobora kuba ibyabaye kuri ultrasonic waves ibyabaye kuri urushinge rwacumita bigaruka kuri probe ya ultrasonic.Kubera ko icyerekezo cy'ubugari bwa probe muri rusange kinyuze mu kwibanda ku mubiri wa acoustic lens, apertures zombi zohereza no kwakira ni kimwe kuri iki cyerekezo.Kandi ubunini bwa aperture nubugari bwa transducer wafer.Kubireba imirongo myinshi yumurongo wibisobanuro, ubugari ni nka 3,5mm gusa (kwakira aperture yo gufata amashusho mu ndege muri rusange irenga 15mm, nini cyane kuruta ubugari bwa wafer).Kubwibyo, niba urusaku rwerekana urushinge rwurushinge rutari mu ndege rugomba gusubira kuri probe, birashobora gusa kwemezwa ko inguni iri hagati y'urushinge rwacumita n'indege yerekana amashusho igera kuri dogere 90.Nigute ushobora gucira imanza inguni?Ikintu kigaragara cyane ni "umurizo wa comet" muremure ukurura inyuma yumwanya ukomeye.Ibyo ni ukubera ko iyo imirasire ya ultrasonic ibaye ihagaritse kurushinge rwacumita, hiyongereyeho urusaku rwongeye kugaruka kuri probe hejuru yurushinge, imbaraga nke za ultrasonic zinjira murushinge.Ultrasound igenda yihuta ikoresheje icyuma kandi hariho ibitekerezo byinshi imbere n'inyuma imbere, kubera urusaku rwerekana inshuro nyinshi byaje nyuma, hashyizweho "umurizo wa comet" muremure.Iyo urushinge rumaze kuba ruterekeranye nindege yerekana amashusho, imiraba yijwi ryerekanwe inyuma ninyuma bizagaragarira mubindi byerekezo kandi ntibishobora gusubira mubushakashatsi, bityo "umurizo wa comet" ntushobora kuboneka.Ikintu cyumurizo wa comet ntigishobora kugaragara gusa mugutobora indege, ariko no muburyo bwo guhanura indege.Iyo urushinge rwacumise rusa nkaho rusa nubuso, imirongo yumurongo utambitse irashobora kugaragara.
Kugirango tugaragaze neza mu ndege no hanze yindege "umurizo wa comet" mu buryo bushushanyije, dufata ibyingenzi mumazi hanze yindege no gukora indege, ibisubizo byerekanwe kumashusho hepfo.
Ishusho ikurikira irerekana ishusho yimikorere yinguni zitandukanye mugihe umubiri wurushinge utari mu ndege kandi umuyaga uzunguruka urabisikana.Iyo iperereza ryerekeranye nurushinge rwacumita, bivuze ko urushinge rwo gutobora ruba rutandukanijwe nindege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound, kuburyo ushobora kubona "umurizo wa comet" ugaragara.
Komeza iperereza kuri perpendicular kurushinge rwacumita, hanyuma ugendere kumubiri wurushinge werekeza kumutwe.Iyo "umurizo wa comet" ubuze, bivuze ko igice cyo gusikana cyegereye inshinge, kandi ahantu heza hazashira imbere.Umwanya mbere yumucyo wabuze niho urushinge ruri.Niba utizeye neza, urashobora gukora agace gato-kazunguruka umufana wohanagura hafi yiyi myanya kugirango wongere wemeze.
Intego nyamukuru yibi byavuzwe haruguru ni ugufasha abitangira kubona vuba aho urushinge rwacumita hamwe ninshinge.Irembo rya tekinoroji ya ultrasound iyobowe na tekinoroji ntabwo iri hejuru, kandi icyo tugomba gukora ni ugutuza no kumva neza ubuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-07-2022
